human needs as reflected in Billie Eilish's song lyrics based on Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of human needs theory using a humanistic psychology approach.

Abstract

Psychological trauma significantly affects emotional stability, personal identity, and interpersonal relationships. This study focuses on a single research question derived from Stephen Chbosky’s film The Perks of Being a Wallflower (2012): How are the stages of trauma recovery experienced and navigated by the main character, Charlie? Utilizing a descriptive qualitative research design grounded in Judith Herman’s (2015) trauma theory, this article analyzes dialogue, internal monologues, and narrative actions depicted throughout the film. Data were collected via systematic documentation and analyzed through close reading. The findings reveal that Charlie’s recovery moves through three key stages: establishing a Healing Relationship, engaging in Remembrance and Mourning, and achieving Reconnection. His transformation illustrates that recovery from severe psychological trauma is not an abrupt cure, but a gradual process supported by genuine social bonds, emotional acceptance, and the integration of painful childhood memories into a coherent sense of self.